skogenjake
Active member
Researchers have found that Bottlenose dolphins can recognize their own reflections in mirrors placed in their tanks. The mirror study is part of a larger effort to identify and weed out vampire dolphins
Its COPY and PASTE time ladies and gentlemen
- Thread starter Petey.
- Start date
TannerCoulter.
Active member
ineedarealname*
Jwenz*
kamikaze*$$
Ski_Unit_19*$$
lamp*$
Ryno*$
Snowcase*$
armada16*$
C.J.*$
Dishwalla*$
EastCoast_des...*$
Martock_Frees...*$
mattyb753*$
R-Bertsch*$
skierkidWV*$
skifree919*$
skirbrt88*$
trickstaj14*$
tweaks_rock_me*$
yz_porlier$
*cowboy**$
315*$
aoe*$
asac*$
cruZ*$
fkxpro*$
fouldsys*$
lineskier10*$
LineskiNJ*$
Makaio*$
Jwenz*
kamikaze*$$
Ski_Unit_19*$$
lamp*$
Ryno*$
Snowcase*$
armada16*$
C.J.*$
Dishwalla*$
EastCoast_des...*$
Martock_Frees...*$
mattyb753*$
R-Bertsch*$
skierkidWV*$
skifree919*$
skirbrt88*$
trickstaj14*$
tweaks_rock_me*$
yz_porlier$
*cowboy**$
315*$
aoe*$
asac*$
cruZ*$
fkxpro*$
fouldsys*$
lineskier10*$
LineskiNJ*$
Makaio*$
...and weed out vampire dolphins
Whaaa?
Whaaa?
PicketFence
Member
/Users/danielleaman/Movies/717.iMovieProject/Media/SMOV0101.dv
Rhastaman420
Member
January 12, 2006 – The product of a perfect senior project for me would be full building plans that would show in two dimension and three dimension the exact building specifications, and building materials that it would take to convert my existing garage into a bonus room, and extend my house out to create another garage. Not only will I have to have these plans to be successful, but I also have to have my parents approval, since they are the ones who will be in charge of following my plans or rejecting them. Both of these things are instrumental in the completion of a great senior project.
March 15, 2006 – Today I discussed my ideas on how to do my project with my mentor and my father, and both of them encouraged me to change my project slightly. They told me that instead of designing my garage and game room, I should change it to learning building information modeling and its applications in the field of architecture. They said this way I can learn the future of architecture, and I can do a live demonstration of my knowledge of building information modeling for my senior boards by designing a simple room right in front of the judges.
March 19, 2006 – I just finished with my first lesson in building information modeling. I didn’t really get into any specifics, but I sat down with my father for about an hour and a half, and he talked to me about what building information modeling is and why it is so important. He started to teach me some basic things on the computer program I will be practicing on, Revit, he also gave me the manual for the program so I can read the first chapter and become more familiar with it. I plan on meeting with him again soon so I can start learning the applications of building information modeling, and so I can start designing some things myself.
March 25, 2006 – Today while I was helping my dad actually tear out some of the sheetrock in my garage, we noticed that there were some major structural problems with the header that supported the front of our house. Over the years it has become twisted and is becoming less and less able to carry the load above it. This discovery has forced me to change my senior project from designing the new addition to designing the old garage and fixing the many structural problems that it has.
March 15, 2006 – Today I discussed my ideas on how to do my project with my mentor and my father, and both of them encouraged me to change my project slightly. They told me that instead of designing my garage and game room, I should change it to learning building information modeling and its applications in the field of architecture. They said this way I can learn the future of architecture, and I can do a live demonstration of my knowledge of building information modeling for my senior boards by designing a simple room right in front of the judges.
March 19, 2006 – I just finished with my first lesson in building information modeling. I didn’t really get into any specifics, but I sat down with my father for about an hour and a half, and he talked to me about what building information modeling is and why it is so important. He started to teach me some basic things on the computer program I will be practicing on, Revit, he also gave me the manual for the program so I can read the first chapter and become more familiar with it. I plan on meeting with him again soon so I can start learning the applications of building information modeling, and so I can start designing some things myself.
March 25, 2006 – Today while I was helping my dad actually tear out some of the sheetrock in my garage, we noticed that there were some major structural problems with the header that supported the front of our house. Over the years it has become twisted and is becoming less and less able to carry the load above it. This discovery has forced me to change my senior project from designing the new addition to designing the old garage and fixing the many structural problems that it has.
$$SPINNERS$$
Active member
nill
will987654321
Active member
Finally, this is the most bizarre and, in some ways, the most sad of all of these pictures. Aaliyah showed up to the prom in an outfit specially designed to show off her soon to be born unwanted, illegitimate future convict of a baby.
chrismoJBEATS
Active member
penis
chrismoJBEATS
Active member
jpjp
hucker22
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sampsihoyos
Active member
Sam Psihoyos, Malte Witt-Larson
Strode, Period 5, 5/15/06
Natural selection investigation:
Predator to Prey Simulation
Abstract
Camouflage- “concealment by disguise or protective coloring, which in tern will help a population survive from some of its many predators.” The purpose of this experiment is to simulate the natural selection of a coexisting predator and prey environment, and thus determine the importance of camouflage in an ecosystem. Theoretically, certain external phenotypes are more visible to predators than other external phenotypes in natural environments (such as fur color). Through natural selection, the distribution of individuals having certain phenotypes will change due to the best camouflage (thus the most evolutionarily fit for this experiment), which is determined by being the least visible among natural surroundings.
Introduction
Natural selection is the determination of an organism or species that is best suited for a given environment. Natural Selection can be considered a theory, but is supported by experiments such as the one we did, which is how we know what we do. Today there is evidence of natural selection present in nearly all ecosystems. An example of this would be the rock pocket mouse (Chaetodipus intermedius) investigation taking place in Arizona, Texas, and New Mexico (See Figure 1). This investigation was meant to determine how the fur color of the mice was naturally selected to match the color of their surroundings. Our experiment was based on the same principals. While the pocket mouse had birds of prey as predators and, on average, the mice whose fur was most different from its surrounding were most easily seen by predators.
In 2005, more than 270,000 people were infected by AIDS. Each of these people and their doctors needed to understand the concept of evolution in order to understand the reason that they were required to take a certain ratio of pills each day. AIDS can evolve and mutate in as little as 48 hours, meaning it can mutate to be immune to certain pills which originally would be able to fight off the disease.
The presence and activity of the predator combined with the physical characteristics of the environment provides the conditions for natural selection to occur because the certain phenotypes that stand out in the environment are taken out of the ecosystem naturally by the predator, which eats the prey with the phenotype. Therefore natural selection has occurred and only the most fit are still surviving. By this we clearly can see that the prairie is the selecting agent because it is the prairie that determines which organism can best fit with its environment. If some phenotypes in the prairie are more visible to the predator than others, natural selection will distribute the individuals among phenotypes after a few generations and will differ significantly from the original distribution.
Methods
In our investigation, we used ten pieces of each of the seven colors (small pieces of paper) and distributed them randomly among the ecosystem (multicolored piece of cloth). Each color symbolized a different phenotype for a prey in an ecosystem. Each time that we (the predator) began hunting a generation (four generations in total) in the ecosystem, it had 70 pieces of paper on it. We made thirty-five hunts for each generation, each independent of the others (after each hunt we looked away from the ecosystem). The first piece of paper (the prey) that we (the predator) saw was theoretically the least camouflaged prey in the given ecosystem, therefore being the least fit when being hunted by predators. After we finished hunting each generation, we would count the amount of each phenotype that was caught after being hunted and the amount that was left in the ecosystem (see figure 2). We would then double the number of remaining organisms of each phenotype left in the ecosystem, representing the reproduction of one generation to the next. At the end of each generation there would always be 35 organisms left in the ecosystem. At beginning of each generation there would always be 70 organisms in the ecosystem with supposedly a different ratio than the beginning of the previous generation. At the end of each generation we conducted a chi squared test to determine at which generation the observed results were different enough from the expected results (see figure 3). We then found the average amount of each of the seven colors on the cloth by taking random measurements in five different places on the cloth and measuring the distance of each color relative to the distance of the entire mat.
Discussion and Conclusions
Our hypothesis was supported by these observations in the sense that if some phenotypes are more camouflaged to their environment than other phenotypes, then the organisms with the more fit phenotypes will, on average, survive longer in that particular environment. The results from our experiment, relative to basic principles of evolution, are supported by three other scientific papers (see Literature Cited). These other experiments support that our results are parallel to those of current knowledge of natural selection. Of our results, we found that brown was the best camouflaged in its environment. A possible reason that it was so fit might have been because it was a mixture of several colors present on the cloth. This may be a possible explanation for the reason that so many animals have externally showing brown. This may be a possible explanation for the reason that so many animals have externally showing brown. If we were to do another investigation we could get a different background to prove that the animals that best match their surroundings do the best.
Figures and Graphs
Figure 1- Location of rock pocket mouse for “Local adaptation in the rock pocket mouse (Chaetodipus intermedius)- natural selection and phylogenetic history of populations.”
/
Figure 2- Data table for natural selection experiment
Species Parents Caught Survived F1 Caught Survived F2 Caught Survived F3 Caught Survived F4
Yellow 10 3 7 14 7 7 14 3 11 22 7 15 30
Brown 10 2 8 16 6 6 20 6 14 28 8 20 40
Red 10 7 3 6 4 4 4 3 1 2 2 0 0
Orange 10 7 3 6 5 5 2 2 0 0 0 0 0
Purple 10 2 8 16 6 6 20 13 7 14 4 10 20
Pink 10 8 2 4 3 3 2 2 0 0 0 0 0
Green 10 5 5 10 4 4 12 6 6 12 7 5 10
Figure 3- Chi square statistics for natural selection experiment.
F1 Generation F2 Generation F3 Generation F4 Generation
Species Expected Observed Chi sq Observed Chi sq Observed Chi sq Observed Chi sq
Population Pop. Pop. Pop. Pop.
Yellow 10 14 1.6 14 1.6 22 14.1 30 40
Brown 10 16 3.6 20 10 28 32.4 40 90
Red 10 6 1.6 4 3.6 2 6.4 0 10
Orange 10 6 1.6 2 6.4 0 10 0 10
Purple 10 16 3.6 12 10 14 1.6 20 0
Pink 10 4 1.6 2 6.4 0 10 0 10
Green 10 10 0.0 12 0.4 12 0.4 5 2.5
Sum Chi Square: 13 Sum Chi sq: 38.4 Sum Chi sq: 74.9 Sum Chi sq: 162.5
Figure 4- Data table for prairie habitat mean color coverage.
Habitat Transect #1 Transect #2 Transect #3 Transect #4 Transect #5
Color Coverage (mm)
Yellow 122 57 64 49 53
Brown 27 9 22 10 15
Red 0 61 26 30 27
Orange 40 30 44 35 40
Purple 94 74 102 118 112
Pink` 0 0 0 0 0
Green 142 196 209 132 152
Total Dist. (mm) 428 427 467 374 399
Figure 5- Chi square Test for habitat color coverage vs. percent of each species in population.
Habitat or Mean Coverage F4 Generation Chi square
Species Color Proportion (Expected) Distribution (Observed)
Yellow 69 40 0.6
Brown 1 30 0.9-
Red 24 0 1.0
Orange 1 0 1.0
Purple 100 20 0.8
Pink 1 0 10
Green 166 10 0.9
Chi Sq. Stat.: 6.2
Literature Cited
Hoekstra HE, Krenz JG, Nachman MW (2005).Local adaptation in the rock pocket mouse (Chaetodipus intermedius)- natural selection and phylogentic history of populations. Heredity (2005) 94, 217-228
Merilaita S (2003). Visual Background Complexity Facilitates the Evolution of Camouflage. Evolution, 57(6), 1248-1254
Hackett JD, Anderson DM, Erdner DL, Bhattacharya D (2004).Dinoflagellates-A remarkable evolutionary Discovery. 2004;91:1523-1534
Strode, Period 5, 5/15/06
Natural selection investigation:
Predator to Prey Simulation
Abstract
Camouflage- “concealment by disguise or protective coloring, which in tern will help a population survive from some of its many predators.” The purpose of this experiment is to simulate the natural selection of a coexisting predator and prey environment, and thus determine the importance of camouflage in an ecosystem. Theoretically, certain external phenotypes are more visible to predators than other external phenotypes in natural environments (such as fur color). Through natural selection, the distribution of individuals having certain phenotypes will change due to the best camouflage (thus the most evolutionarily fit for this experiment), which is determined by being the least visible among natural surroundings.
Introduction
Natural selection is the determination of an organism or species that is best suited for a given environment. Natural Selection can be considered a theory, but is supported by experiments such as the one we did, which is how we know what we do. Today there is evidence of natural selection present in nearly all ecosystems. An example of this would be the rock pocket mouse (Chaetodipus intermedius) investigation taking place in Arizona, Texas, and New Mexico (See Figure 1). This investigation was meant to determine how the fur color of the mice was naturally selected to match the color of their surroundings. Our experiment was based on the same principals. While the pocket mouse had birds of prey as predators and, on average, the mice whose fur was most different from its surrounding were most easily seen by predators.
In 2005, more than 270,000 people were infected by AIDS. Each of these people and their doctors needed to understand the concept of evolution in order to understand the reason that they were required to take a certain ratio of pills each day. AIDS can evolve and mutate in as little as 48 hours, meaning it can mutate to be immune to certain pills which originally would be able to fight off the disease.
The presence and activity of the predator combined with the physical characteristics of the environment provides the conditions for natural selection to occur because the certain phenotypes that stand out in the environment are taken out of the ecosystem naturally by the predator, which eats the prey with the phenotype. Therefore natural selection has occurred and only the most fit are still surviving. By this we clearly can see that the prairie is the selecting agent because it is the prairie that determines which organism can best fit with its environment. If some phenotypes in the prairie are more visible to the predator than others, natural selection will distribute the individuals among phenotypes after a few generations and will differ significantly from the original distribution.
Methods
In our investigation, we used ten pieces of each of the seven colors (small pieces of paper) and distributed them randomly among the ecosystem (multicolored piece of cloth). Each color symbolized a different phenotype for a prey in an ecosystem. Each time that we (the predator) began hunting a generation (four generations in total) in the ecosystem, it had 70 pieces of paper on it. We made thirty-five hunts for each generation, each independent of the others (after each hunt we looked away from the ecosystem). The first piece of paper (the prey) that we (the predator) saw was theoretically the least camouflaged prey in the given ecosystem, therefore being the least fit when being hunted by predators. After we finished hunting each generation, we would count the amount of each phenotype that was caught after being hunted and the amount that was left in the ecosystem (see figure 2). We would then double the number of remaining organisms of each phenotype left in the ecosystem, representing the reproduction of one generation to the next. At the end of each generation there would always be 35 organisms left in the ecosystem. At beginning of each generation there would always be 70 organisms in the ecosystem with supposedly a different ratio than the beginning of the previous generation. At the end of each generation we conducted a chi squared test to determine at which generation the observed results were different enough from the expected results (see figure 3). We then found the average amount of each of the seven colors on the cloth by taking random measurements in five different places on the cloth and measuring the distance of each color relative to the distance of the entire mat.
Discussion and Conclusions
Our hypothesis was supported by these observations in the sense that if some phenotypes are more camouflaged to their environment than other phenotypes, then the organisms with the more fit phenotypes will, on average, survive longer in that particular environment. The results from our experiment, relative to basic principles of evolution, are supported by three other scientific papers (see Literature Cited). These other experiments support that our results are parallel to those of current knowledge of natural selection. Of our results, we found that brown was the best camouflaged in its environment. A possible reason that it was so fit might have been because it was a mixture of several colors present on the cloth. This may be a possible explanation for the reason that so many animals have externally showing brown. This may be a possible explanation for the reason that so many animals have externally showing brown. If we were to do another investigation we could get a different background to prove that the animals that best match their surroundings do the best.
Figures and Graphs
Figure 1- Location of rock pocket mouse for “Local adaptation in the rock pocket mouse (Chaetodipus intermedius)- natural selection and phylogenetic history of populations.”
/
Figure 2- Data table for natural selection experiment
Species Parents Caught Survived F1 Caught Survived F2 Caught Survived F3 Caught Survived F4
Yellow 10 3 7 14 7 7 14 3 11 22 7 15 30
Brown 10 2 8 16 6 6 20 6 14 28 8 20 40
Red 10 7 3 6 4 4 4 3 1 2 2 0 0
Orange 10 7 3 6 5 5 2 2 0 0 0 0 0
Purple 10 2 8 16 6 6 20 13 7 14 4 10 20
Pink 10 8 2 4 3 3 2 2 0 0 0 0 0
Green 10 5 5 10 4 4 12 6 6 12 7 5 10
Figure 3- Chi square statistics for natural selection experiment.
F1 Generation F2 Generation F3 Generation F4 Generation
Species Expected Observed Chi sq Observed Chi sq Observed Chi sq Observed Chi sq
Population Pop. Pop. Pop. Pop.
Yellow 10 14 1.6 14 1.6 22 14.1 30 40
Brown 10 16 3.6 20 10 28 32.4 40 90
Red 10 6 1.6 4 3.6 2 6.4 0 10
Orange 10 6 1.6 2 6.4 0 10 0 10
Purple 10 16 3.6 12 10 14 1.6 20 0
Pink 10 4 1.6 2 6.4 0 10 0 10
Green 10 10 0.0 12 0.4 12 0.4 5 2.5
Sum Chi Square: 13 Sum Chi sq: 38.4 Sum Chi sq: 74.9 Sum Chi sq: 162.5
Figure 4- Data table for prairie habitat mean color coverage.
Habitat Transect #1 Transect #2 Transect #3 Transect #4 Transect #5
Color Coverage (mm)
Yellow 122 57 64 49 53
Brown 27 9 22 10 15
Red 0 61 26 30 27
Orange 40 30 44 35 40
Purple 94 74 102 118 112
Pink` 0 0 0 0 0
Green 142 196 209 132 152
Total Dist. (mm) 428 427 467 374 399
Figure 5- Chi square Test for habitat color coverage vs. percent of each species in population.
Habitat or Mean Coverage F4 Generation Chi square
Species Color Proportion (Expected) Distribution (Observed)
Yellow 69 40 0.6
Brown 1 30 0.9-
Red 24 0 1.0
Orange 1 0 1.0
Purple 100 20 0.8
Pink 1 0 10
Green 166 10 0.9
Chi Sq. Stat.: 6.2
Literature Cited
Hoekstra HE, Krenz JG, Nachman MW (2005).Local adaptation in the rock pocket mouse (Chaetodipus intermedius)- natural selection and phylogentic history of populations. Heredity (2005) 94, 217-228
Merilaita S (2003). Visual Background Complexity Facilitates the Evolution of Camouflage. Evolution, 57(6), 1248-1254
Hackett JD, Anderson DM, Erdner DL, Bhattacharya D (2004).Dinoflagellates-A remarkable evolutionary Discovery. 2004;91:1523-1534
sexy_skier_babii
Active member
love you guys
JockinJLoads
Active member
Researchers have found that Bottlenose dolphins can recognize their own reflections in mirrors placed in their tanks. The mirror study is part of a larger effort to identify and weed out vampire dolphins.
Chubby.Chaser
Active member
cool, i'd run it but i'm too lazy to figure out my c compiler
MADmidwest
Active member
Ziggy Marley
KeegLove
Active member
I HAVE AN ERECTION!I HAVE AN ERECTION!I HAVE AN ERECTION!I HAVE AN ERECTION!I HAVE AN ERECTION!I HAVE AN ERECTION!I HAVE AN ERECTION!I HAVE AN ERECTION!I HAVE AN ERECTION!I HAVE AN ERECTION!I HAVE AN ERECTION!I HAVE AN ERECTION!I HAVE AN ERECTION!I HAVE AN ERECTION!I HAVE AN ERECTION!I HAVE AN ERECTION!I HAVE AN ERECTION!I HAVE AN ERECTION!I HAVE AN ERECTION!I HAVE AN ERECTION!I HAVE AN ERECTION!I HAVE AN ERECTION!I HAVE AN ERECTION!I HAVE AN ERECTION!I HAVE AN ERECTION!I HAVE AN ERECTION!I HAVE AN ERECTION!I HAVE AN ERECTION!I HAVE AN ERECTION!I HAVE AN ERECTION!I HAVE AN ERECTION!I HAVE AN ERECTION!I HAVE AN ERECTION!I HAVE AN ERECTION!I HAVE AN ERECTION!I HAVE AN ERECTION!I HAVE AN ERECTION!I HAVE AN ERECTION!I HAVE AN ERECTION!I HAVE AN ERECTION!I HAVE AN ERECTION!I HAVE AN ERECTION!I HAVE AN ERECTION!I HAVE AN ERECTION!I HAVE AN ERECTION!I HAVE AN ERECTION!I HAVE AN ERECTION!I HAVE AN ERECTION!I HAVE AN ERECTION!I HAVE AN ERECTION!I HAVE AN ERECTION!I HAVE AN ERECTION!I HAVE AN ERECTION!
It was July 2, 1776, and Thomas Jefferson's draft of the Declaration of Independence was stuck in committee during the First Continental Congress. Jefferson had worked day and night for the last 17 days, but now the committee was cutting out whole paragraphs.
What did Jefferson do? Nothing.
Why? He had total confidence in the draft. He realized that anything he said might be seized upon by opponents of the document. So he sat through the debate in silence, even when a favorite section condemning slavery was deleted.
''In cases of doubt it is better to say too little than too much,'' Jefferson later wrote to President Washington, as cited in ''Citizen Jefferson: The Wit and Wisdom of an American Sage,'' edited by John P. Kaminski.
It was that kind of restraint, combined with a trust in his abilities, that allowed Jefferson to take a calm approach to the editing. The document, of course, became a great success, and Jefferson (1743-1826) became the country's third president and premier Renaissance man.
Jefferson always read avidly. He began his serious study of politics and philosophy in 1760 as a 17-year-old at the College of William and Mary. He understood that a broad education would be his greatest ally in any field he chose. He sought out volumes by top thinkers like John Locke, Francis Bacon and Isaac Newton.
To glean as much as possible from the great thinkers of every culture, he learned Greek, Latin, Spanish, French and Italian.
He read everything he could, focusing on extensive accounts of past revolts and revolutions and their causes. Jefferson asked experts question after question in an effort to understand every aspect of a topic.
As a lawyer and member of the Virginia House of Burgesses, Jefferson used a succinct writing style to outline his arguments.
He believed that the purpose of a document was not always to propose a bold new idea. Often, he said, it should make complex political and philosophical arguments seem like simple common sense.
At the Continental Congress, Jefferson remained quiet during most public debates. He knew he had a reputation as a talented writer. Instead of showing off and making enemies, Jefferson took a low-key approach that helped him make allies of many delegates during informal conversations.
''We confide in our own strength, without boasting of it,'' he later wrote. ''We respect that of others, without fearing it.''
That mix of talent and humility so impressed John Adams that he recommended the young Virginian, then only 33, to write the Declaration.
Whenever Jefferson saw an opportunity to advance his young country, he seized it.
While ambassador to France (1784-89), he frequented influential Paris salons. There, he talked of democratic ideas with intellectual and political leaders. He urged them to visit America to see for themselves the developments and possibilities.
Instead of becoming frustrated by America's lowly diplomatic standing at Versailles, he tried to bolster the country's standing by negotiating trade treaties with other foreign ministers.
Hoping to improve life in America, Jefferson traveled throughout southern France and northern Italy to search for ideas that could be used back home. He made notes on bridges, canal locks and wines of the countryside.
He compiled detailed notes on how to make Parmesan cheese and sent olive trees and rice strains to South Carolina, where he felt the climate would be hospitable.
To see how Americans could benefit from an understanding of the Old World, he made informal studies of European culture.
''In Europe there are shops for every want,'' he wrote to his daughter. ''Its inhabitants therefore have no idea that their wants can be furnished otherwise. Remote from all other aid, (Americans) are obliged to invent and execute; to find means within ourselves, and not to lean on others.''
To avoid what he thought was the danger of a rising American aristocracy, Jefferson tried to move the presidency closer to the ordinary citizen. To relax the stuffy White House atmosphere, he quickly banned the practice of formal semiweekly meetings with foreign diplomats. Instead, the White House would be open every morning to any citizen who chose to visit.
To foster the spirit of democracy, Jefferson held an Independence Day parade on the White House lawn each July 4 for any visitor who wished to attend. Then he'd stand in the doorway shaking the hands of all comers and inviting them in for lemonade and cakes.
He was so opposed to measures of status that he never dressed up for officials of state.
That shocked one visitor, who wrote, ''A tall, high-boned man came into the room. He was dressed, or rather undressed, with an old brown coat . . . (and) slippers without heels. I thought this man was a servant . . . (but) it was the president.''
Jefferson wanted to ensure that ideas could always be expressed freely in America. While some politicians chafed at the exercise of the First Amendment, Jefferson went out of his way to uphold it. As president, he refused to try to censor the newspapers, even when stories made him look bad.
When a man who had been turned down for a postmaster's spot printed a series of scandalous rumors about him, Jefferson simply let them pass.
''I laid it down as a law to myself, to take no notice of the thousand calumnies issued against me,'' he wrote, ''but to trust my character to my own conduct, and the good sense and candor of my fellow citizens.''
Knowing that an educated population was essential to self-government, Jefferson, at age 74, began planning America's first secular public university, the University of Virginia. To get the necessary funding, he pressured the Legislature year after year.
''The boys of the rising generation are to be the men of the next,'' he wrote, ''and the sole guardians of the principles we deliver over to them.''
To make his vision a reality, Jefferson oversaw each step in the school's development. He surveyed the lands, designed the buildings and hired respected faculty from Europe. When the university finally opened in 1825, Jefferson invited students to weekly dinners at Monticello to hear their thoughts on the new institution.
Even as an older man, Jefferson had busy days, so he relied on a strict daily schedule to make sure he got everything done. As a general blueprint, he spent mornings writing and answering letters. At midday, he oversaw the Monticello grounds or university construction. Evenings were reserved for family and guests.
Above all, Jefferson tried to be humble, both as a democrat and patriot.
A year before his death, he wrote to a relative: ''Love your neighbor as yourself, and your country more than yourself. Be just. Be true.''
What did Jefferson do? Nothing.
Why? He had total confidence in the draft. He realized that anything he said might be seized upon by opponents of the document. So he sat through the debate in silence, even when a favorite section condemning slavery was deleted.
''In cases of doubt it is better to say too little than too much,'' Jefferson later wrote to President Washington, as cited in ''Citizen Jefferson: The Wit and Wisdom of an American Sage,'' edited by John P. Kaminski.
It was that kind of restraint, combined with a trust in his abilities, that allowed Jefferson to take a calm approach to the editing. The document, of course, became a great success, and Jefferson (1743-1826) became the country's third president and premier Renaissance man.
Jefferson always read avidly. He began his serious study of politics and philosophy in 1760 as a 17-year-old at the College of William and Mary. He understood that a broad education would be his greatest ally in any field he chose. He sought out volumes by top thinkers like John Locke, Francis Bacon and Isaac Newton.
To glean as much as possible from the great thinkers of every culture, he learned Greek, Latin, Spanish, French and Italian.
He read everything he could, focusing on extensive accounts of past revolts and revolutions and their causes. Jefferson asked experts question after question in an effort to understand every aspect of a topic.
As a lawyer and member of the Virginia House of Burgesses, Jefferson used a succinct writing style to outline his arguments.
He believed that the purpose of a document was not always to propose a bold new idea. Often, he said, it should make complex political and philosophical arguments seem like simple common sense.
At the Continental Congress, Jefferson remained quiet during most public debates. He knew he had a reputation as a talented writer. Instead of showing off and making enemies, Jefferson took a low-key approach that helped him make allies of many delegates during informal conversations.
''We confide in our own strength, without boasting of it,'' he later wrote. ''We respect that of others, without fearing it.''
That mix of talent and humility so impressed John Adams that he recommended the young Virginian, then only 33, to write the Declaration.
Whenever Jefferson saw an opportunity to advance his young country, he seized it.
While ambassador to France (1784-89), he frequented influential Paris salons. There, he talked of democratic ideas with intellectual and political leaders. He urged them to visit America to see for themselves the developments and possibilities.
Instead of becoming frustrated by America's lowly diplomatic standing at Versailles, he tried to bolster the country's standing by negotiating trade treaties with other foreign ministers.
Hoping to improve life in America, Jefferson traveled throughout southern France and northern Italy to search for ideas that could be used back home. He made notes on bridges, canal locks and wines of the countryside.
He compiled detailed notes on how to make Parmesan cheese and sent olive trees and rice strains to South Carolina, where he felt the climate would be hospitable.
To see how Americans could benefit from an understanding of the Old World, he made informal studies of European culture.
''In Europe there are shops for every want,'' he wrote to his daughter. ''Its inhabitants therefore have no idea that their wants can be furnished otherwise. Remote from all other aid, (Americans) are obliged to invent and execute; to find means within ourselves, and not to lean on others.''
To avoid what he thought was the danger of a rising American aristocracy, Jefferson tried to move the presidency closer to the ordinary citizen. To relax the stuffy White House atmosphere, he quickly banned the practice of formal semiweekly meetings with foreign diplomats. Instead, the White House would be open every morning to any citizen who chose to visit.
To foster the spirit of democracy, Jefferson held an Independence Day parade on the White House lawn each July 4 for any visitor who wished to attend. Then he'd stand in the doorway shaking the hands of all comers and inviting them in for lemonade and cakes.
He was so opposed to measures of status that he never dressed up for officials of state.
That shocked one visitor, who wrote, ''A tall, high-boned man came into the room. He was dressed, or rather undressed, with an old brown coat . . . (and) slippers without heels. I thought this man was a servant . . . (but) it was the president.''
Jefferson wanted to ensure that ideas could always be expressed freely in America. While some politicians chafed at the exercise of the First Amendment, Jefferson went out of his way to uphold it. As president, he refused to try to censor the newspapers, even when stories made him look bad.
When a man who had been turned down for a postmaster's spot printed a series of scandalous rumors about him, Jefferson simply let them pass.
''I laid it down as a law to myself, to take no notice of the thousand calumnies issued against me,'' he wrote, ''but to trust my character to my own conduct, and the good sense and candor of my fellow citizens.''
Knowing that an educated population was essential to self-government, Jefferson, at age 74, began planning America's first secular public university, the University of Virginia. To get the necessary funding, he pressured the Legislature year after year.
''The boys of the rising generation are to be the men of the next,'' he wrote, ''and the sole guardians of the principles we deliver over to them.''
To make his vision a reality, Jefferson oversaw each step in the school's development. He surveyed the lands, designed the buildings and hired respected faculty from Europe. When the university finally opened in 1825, Jefferson invited students to weekly dinners at Monticello to hear their thoughts on the new institution.
Even as an older man, Jefferson had busy days, so he relied on a strict daily schedule to make sure he got everything done. As a general blueprint, he spent mornings writing and answering letters. At midday, he oversaw the Monticello grounds or university construction. Evenings were reserved for family and guests.
Above all, Jefferson tried to be humble, both as a democrat and patriot.
A year before his death, he wrote to a relative: ''Love your neighbor as yourself, and your country more than yourself. Be just. Be true.''
caleBCaleb
Active member
4016C3BB9/0/1012Oct17final.pdf>
hmm...
hmm...
SteveStepp
Active member
LOL!
SirFryanator
Active member
random boner.....walking it off
wtf i think thats an away message
wtf i think thats an away message
skifree919
Active member
ahahhahahahha
-benedetto
Active member
THE DOORS lyrics - "Roadhouse Blues
drewishish
Active member
intercourse
yes that is actualy wath came up... BP doug adn elle will knwo what it is
yes that is actualy wath came up... BP doug adn elle will knwo what it is
BargainBinLaden
Member
H6Y87
skogenjake
Active member
bahha it was in the away message thread and i copied it last to use in my AIM
Fuel injected, niggas be honkin but fuck it my shit is fine
I've payed for it about 9 times, different mechanics
Too much of a job, some say they just couldn't handle it
I need some shocks on the back, I need some works on the brakes
My passenger side window sometimes it just don't wanna raise
I hear bumps and crunks, pings and ticks and things
I got a hole in my muffler and other minor things
Like my electrical rear view mirror don't move like it 'posed ta
Even the objects in that mothafucka need to be closer
I'm satisfied with my ride I don't ask much
But people talk and they diss, they heckle it loud
But
[Chorus]
I'm rollin
Car not stolen
I've payed for it about 9 times, different mechanics
Too much of a job, some say they just couldn't handle it
I need some shocks on the back, I need some works on the brakes
My passenger side window sometimes it just don't wanna raise
I hear bumps and crunks, pings and ticks and things
I got a hole in my muffler and other minor things
Like my electrical rear view mirror don't move like it 'posed ta
Even the objects in that mothafucka need to be closer
I'm satisfied with my ride I don't ask much
But people talk and they diss, they heckle it loud
But
[Chorus]
I'm rollin
Car not stolen
