Hmm...well I know nothing about the programme in the US (haven't really asked my buddies) so enlighten me of the standard test needed and I'll tell you how we do.
For a Finnish person to get a license, you have to be 18 years old. You can however begin learning already six months before you turn 18, so basically you can, with some luck, turn 18 and get your temporary license on the same day.
I got my license in '05 and to get it, I had to take 20 hours of theory, 30 hours of driving lessons, including 4 hours on a slippery/ice track , a visual theory exam and finally, the Driver's Test.
The theory exam consists of 10 questions (multiple answers) and 50 pictures ("Is the driver driving lawfully?" -Yes or No etc.) You can only mess up thrice on the questions and eight times on the pictures, you only have 10 seconds for each point, it's pretty stressful.
Before the test, you have to get checked by a doctor for your vision, health and so on.
The Driver's Test is done by a DMW official, and it can be in length between 15 minutes to an hour. It is done by cruising around the city/where you live, usually taking you to known "hard spots" and parallel parking is a must-have skill by then. I for one, failed on my first try, in the last roundabout before going back to the station, fuck me. Went a bit too fast, it was icy and I slid into the cross-section almost nailing a farmer Volvo. That meant 4 more driving lessons and then I could try again and aced it.
After you get your temporary license, you have to complete the 2nd stage of your license in the two following years, which includes one day at the slippery track again, a little driving around and a night-driving lesson. Then you finally receive your full license which is valid for...what, 40 years I guess.
So that's how you get your license in Finland, and it costs roughly 2000 US dollars.